Integration of GWAS, metabolomics, and sensorial analyses to reveal novel metabolic pathways involved in cocoa fruity aroma.
La biosynthèse des composés d’arôme contenus dans les fèves de cacao est complexe et son étude fait appel à de nombreuses disciplines. Cette publication scientifique caractérise grâce à la génétique moléculaire les nombreux gènes impliqués dans les voies de biosynthèse des composés d’arômes de type « fruité », très caractéristiques de la variété de cacaoyer Nacional cultivée en Équateur. Ces nouveaux éléments pourront être utilisés dans le cadre des programmes de sélection de variétés de cacaoyers aromatiques, plus rémunérateur pour les petits producteurs de cacao.
Kelly Colonges, Juan-Carlos Jimenez, Alejandra Saltos, Edward Seguine, Rey Gastón, Loor Solorzano, Olivier Fouet, Xavier Argout, Sophie Assemat, Fabrice Davrieux, Emile Cros, Claire Lanaud, Renaud Boulanger
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03654533
Abstract
Nacional is a variety of cocoa tree known for its "Arriba" aroma characterized mainly by fruity, floral, and spicy aromatic notes. In this study, the genetic basis of the fruity aroma of modern Nacional cocoa was investigated. GWAS studies have been conducted on biochemical and sensorial fruity traits and allowed to identify a large number of association zones. These areas are linked to both the volatile compounds known to provide fruity flavours and present in the beans before and after roasting, and to the fruity notes detected by sensorial analysis. Five main metabolic pathways were identified as involved in the fruity traits of the Nacional population: the protein degradation pathway, the sugar degradation pathway, the fatty acid degradation pathway, the monoterpene pathway, and the L-phenylalanine pathway. Candidate genes involved in the biosynthetic pathways of volatile compounds identified in association areas were detected for a large number of associations.
Publiée : 19/05/2022